Regulator system



1926. 1,604,965 2 w. M. BRADSHAW ET AL REGULATOR SYSTEM Filed Sept. 22,1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS W/l/lam M. Bradshaw & gghn H. Hshbaugh.

WITNESSES:

' 1926. 1,604,965 w. M. BRADSHAW El AL REGULATOR SYSTEM Filed Sept. 22,1923 2 Sheets-She'e t 2 WITNESSES: INVENTORS William I1.Bradshaw (5Patented Nov. 2, 1926 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM M. BRADSHAW AND JOHN H. ASHBAUGH, F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYL-'VANIA, ASSIGNORS TO WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

REGULATOR SYSTEM.

Application filed September 22. 1923. SerialNo. 664,202.

Our invention relates to speed-regulator systems, and ithas specialrelation to regulator systems for governing the operation of hydraulicprime movers.

One object of our invention is to provide a speed-governor mechanism fora hydraulic prime mover that shall be responsive not only tospeedvariations of the prime mover but to load variations of thedynamo-electric machine operated by the prime mover.

Another object of our invention is to provide a system of theabove-indicated charactcr with a plurality of anti-hunting means.

The invention is illustrated as applied to water-wheel drivengenerators, the governor mechanism of the water wheel being controlledby an electric motor, the direction of rotation of which is controlledby an electrical regulator actuated in accordance With the speed of thewater wheel. Electromagnetic means is provided for actuating theregulator to compensate for load variations upon the generator and meansis provided for reacting upon the floating-lever system of the governormechanism proportionally to the movement of the gate valve andsimultaneously reacting upon the electrical regulator in accordance withthe movement of the gate valve. y

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of circuits and apparatusembodying our invention;

Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the dash-pot construction of the governormechanism shown in Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of circuits and apparatusembodyingv a modification of our invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, a Water wheel, having a penstock 2 and an outlet 3,is illustrated as driving a generator 4. The admission of water to thewater wheel 1 is controlled by a gate valve 5, which is, in turn,controlled 4 by pilot valve mechanism 6, The valve mechanism 6 isgoverned by the operation of governing mechanism, indicated generally at7, which may be of any well-known construction such as that illustratedand claimed in our copending application, Serial No.

520,593, filed Dec. 7, 1921.

Briefly, this governor mechanism comprises a floating lever 8, a secondfloating lever 9 and a connecting rod 10. The floating-lever system isactuated from a threaded shaft 11, the movement of which is governed bythe operation of an electric motor 12 through illustrated gearing 13 togovern the operation of the pilot valve 14. Co-operating with the pilotlever 8 is a dash-pot mechanism 15, illustrated more in detail in Fig.2, and connected to one end of the lever 8 by means of link 16. The link16 is connected to a piston 17 that is located inthe partition 18 of thedash-pot. Also located in the partition 18 of the dash-pot is a secondpiston 19 that is connected to the link mechanism 21, and the operationof which is pro-' portional to the movements of a rod 22. The parts ofrod '22; are shown somewhat separated, for convenience and simplicity ofillustration. Rod 22 is mounted upon a connecting rod 23 that is securedto the shaft of the gate valve mechanism 5. Thus, as the gate is moved,the rod 22 receives a proportional movement that is communicated to theI piston '19 in a direction to return the piston 17 to its normalposition prior to the obtaining of normal conditions upon the waterwheel.

The operation of the governor motor 12 is controlled by reversingswitches 25 and 26, each of which comprises an operating coil 27, aholding coil 28 and a neutralizing coi 29. The holding coil 28 ispermanently connected across supply-circuit conductors or bus bars 31vand the energizing and neutralizing coils are connected across the busbars 31 through contact members 32 and 33, re-. spectively, of afloating-lever type regulator. The contact members 32 and 33 are locatedon opposite sides of the pivot 34 of a lever 35. Mounted upon one end ofthe lever 35 is a control electromagnet 36 that is energized from anauxiliary generator 37, which is mounted upon the shaft of the Waterwheel 1 and, therefore, has a voltage proportional to the speed thereof.Mounted upon the opposite end of the lever 35 is a second electromagnet38 that is energized from the transformer 39 and has in circuittherewith a reactance coil or reactor 41. The core 42 of the reactor ismounted upon the rod 23 so as to receive movements proportional to themovementthereof.

The operation of the system of Fig. 1 is substantially as follows :-Asthe operation of the water wheel is begun, the speed of the auxiliarygenerator 37 is low. Consequently, the appropriate contact members 32 or33 will be engaged so as to energize the proper reversing switch 25 or26. to operate the governor motor 12, thereby opening the gate valve 5to admit water to the water wheel. wheel increases, the voltagedelivered by the generator 37 increases. and the energlzation of theelectromagnct 36 approaches the predetermined normal setting of theregulator mechanism. Hunting action is prevent ed in several ways.First, the reversing switches 25 and 26 respectively control auxiliarycontact members 45 and 46. The contact members 45 are normally open,but, when the switch 25 is operated, they will be closed to insert aresistor 47 in circuit with the coil of the electromagnet 36, to therebyvary the strength of the coil 36 and correspondingly change theoperation of the regulator mechanism so as to prematurely separate theengaged contact members. The auxiliary contact members 46 are normallyclosed and control a shunt circuit for a resistor 48 that is adapted tobe inserted in circuit with the coil of the electromagnet 36 wheneverthe switch 26 is operated, to thereby change the setting of theelectromagnet 36'and thus vary the operation of the regulator mechanismin accordance with wellknown principles.

The anti-hunting feature of the governor mechanism has been describedabove. The third anti-hunting operation is obtained by the variation ofthe reactor 41 in circuit with the electromagnet 38 of the regulator.The core 42 of the reactor is moved proportionally to the movement ofthe gate valve, and this core movement varies the current in theelectromagnet 38 to change the setting thereof and cause it to assist inthe changing of the operation of the regulator mechanism at the propertime to prevent hunting action.

The system of Fig. 3 is similar to the system of Fig. 1 and like partsof the two systems have been given similar reference characters. In Fig.3, each of the above-described anti-hunting devices has been retained,but an electromagnet 51 that is energized from transformers 52 and 53proportionally to the load upon, or delivered energy of the generator 4,has been added. The electromagnet 51 has co-operating therewith adash-pot 54 that is hydraulically connected by means of a pipe 56 to thedash-pot 55 of the controlled electromagnet 36. Thus, variations in loadupon the generator 4 will actuate the electromagnet 36 through thehydraulic connection to cause the proper contact members 32 or 33 toengage, to thereby energize the appropriate re- As the speed of thewater versingswitch and operate the governor motor 9 to correct for theload variation upon the generator 4.

Modifications in the system and arrangement and location of parts may bemade within the spirit and scope of our invention, and suchmodifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

IVe claim as our invention 1. In a regulator system, a' prime mover,valve means for controlling the prime mover, governor mechanism forcontrollin the valve means, a motor for actuating said governormechanism, electroresponsive regula-tor means for controlling theoperation of said motor, means for energizing said clectroresponsivemeans in accordance with the speed of the prime mover, and antihuntingmeans comprising a reactor actuated by movement of said valve means.

In a regulator system, a prime mover, valve means for controlling theprime mover, governor mechanismfor controlling the valve means, a motorfor actuating said governor mechanism, electroresponsive regulatormeans. for controlling the operation of said motor, means for energizingsaid electroresponsive means in accordance with the speed of the primemover, and a plurality of anti-hunting means for said system, one ofsaid anti-hunting means comprising a reactor actuated by movement ofsaid valve means.

3. In a regulator system, a prime mover, valve means for controlling theprime mover, governor mechanism for controlling the valve means, a motorfor actuating said governor mechanism, electroresponsive regulator meansfor controlling the operation of said motor, means for energizing saidelectroresponsive means in accordance with the speed of the prime mover,anti hunting means actuated to modify the energization of the regulatormeans, and anti-hunting means actuated in accordance w th the movementof said valve means.

A. In a regulator system, a prime mover, valve means for controlling theprime mover, governor mechanism for controlling the valve means, a motorfor actuating said governor mechanism, electromagnetic regulator meansfor controlling said motor means for energizing said electromagneticregulator means in accordance with the speed of the prime. mover,anti-hunting means for modifying the energization of the regulatormeans, and additional antihunting means actuated in accordance with themovement of said valve means.

5. In a regulator system, a prime mover,

valve means for controlling the prime mover,

governor mechanism for controlling the valve means, a motor foractuating said governor mechanism, electromagnetic regulator means forcontrolling said motor,

means for energizing said electromagnetic regulator means in accordancewith the speed of the prime mover, and anti-hunting means comprising avariable reactor actuated in accordance with movement of said valvemeans. g

6. In a regulator system, a prime mover, valve means for controlling theprime mover, governor mechanism for controlling the valve means, a motorfor actuating said governor mechanism, electromagnetic regulator meansfor controlling said motor, means for actuating said regulator means inaccordanc with the speed of the prime mover, variable reactor means, andelectroresponsive anti-hunting means actuated by said variable reactormeans.

7. In a regulator system, a prime mover, a dynamo-electric machinedriven thereby, valve means for controlling the prime mover, governormechanism for controlling the valve means, a motor for actuating saidgovernor mechanism, electromagnetic regulator.

means for controlling said motor, means for actuating said regulatormeans in accordance with the speed of the prime mover, variable reactormeans, and electroresponsive anti-hunting means energized by the saiddynamo-electric machine and influenced by said variable reactor means inaccordance with the movement of said valve means.

8. In a regulator system, a prime mover, a dynamo-electric machinedriven thereby, valve means for controlling the prime mover, governormechanism for controlling the valve means, a motor for actuating saidgovernor mechanism, electromagnetic regulator means for controlling saidmotor, means for actuatin said regulator means in accordance Wlfil thespeed of the prime mover, and electromagnetic anti-hunting meansenergized by said dynamo-electric machine comprising variable reactormeans adapted to be actuated in accordance with the movement of saidvalve means. i

9. In a regulator system, a prime mover, valve'mea-ns for controllingthe prime mover, governor mechanism for controlling the valve means, amotor for actuating said governor mechanism, electromagnetic regulatormeans for controlling said motor, means for actuating said regulatormeans in accordance with the speed of the prime mover, antihunting meansfor modifying the magnetization of said regulator means, a secondantihunting means co-operatively connected to said regulator means andcomprising an electromagnet having a movable cure, means for energizingthe coil of said magnet, and means for modifying the energization ofsaid coil in accordance with the movement of said valve means.

10. In a regulator system, a prime mover, an electric generator driventhereby, valve means for controlling the prime mover, gov- ,forenergizing said coils from said ernor mechanism for controlling saidvalve means, a motor for actuating said governor mechanism,electroresponsive regulator means for controlling said motor,antihunting means comprising an electromagnet having a current and avoltage coil, means nerator, and a variable reactor in the v0 tage' coilcircuit adapted to be actuated by movement of said valve means.

11. In a regulator system, a prime mover, an electric generator driventhereby, valve means for controlling the prime mover, governor mechanismfor controlling said valve means, a motor for actuatingsaid governormechanism, electromagnetic means for controlling said motor inaccordance with the speed of said prime mover, anti-hunting meanscomprising electromagnetic load-responsive means energized in accordancewith the watts of the generator, and means for modifying theenergization of said load-responsive means in accordance With movementof said valve means.

12. In a regulator'system, a prime mover, valve means for controllingthe prime mover, governor mechanism for controllin said valve means, amotor for actuating sai governor mechanism, electromagnetic means forcontrolling said motor in accordance with the speed of said prime mover,anti-hunting means comprising means for modifying the energization ofsaid electromagnetic control means, additional anti-hunting meanscooperativel connected .to said motor control means an comprisingelectromagnetic loadresponsive means, and variable reactor means formodifying the energization of said load-responsive means.

13. In a regulator system, a prime mover, valve means for controllingthe prime mover, governor mechanism for controlling said valve means, amotor for actuating said governor mechanism, electromagnetic means forcontrolling said motor, in accordance with the speed of said primemover, antihunting means modifying the energization of said motorcontrol means, a second antihunting means co-operatively connected tosaid motor control means and comprisin electromagnetic load-responsivemeans, an means actuated in accordance with the movement of said valvemeans for modifying the energization of said load-responsive means.

14. In a regulator system, a prime mover, an electric generator driventhereby, valve means for controlling the prime mover, governor mechanismfor controlling said valve means, a motor for actuating said governormechanism, electromagnetic means for controlling said motor inaccordance with the speed of said prime mover, antihunting meansmodifying the energization of said motor control means, a secondantihunting means cooperatively connected to 'said motor control. meansand comprising electromagnetic load-responsive means and a variablereactor actuated in accordance with the movement of said valve means.

15. In a regulator system, a prime mover, valve means for controllingthe prime mover, governor mechanism for controlling said valve. means, amotor'for actuating said governor mechanism, a speed regulating andanti-hunting mechanism for controlling said motor comprising cooperatingelectromagnetic speed-responsive means, electromagnetic load-responsivemeans, electromagnetic voltage-responsive means and means for modifyingthe energization of said load-responsive means and saidvoltage-responsive means in accordance with the movements of said valvemeans.

- 16. In a re 'ulator system, a prime mover,

sive means in accordance with the movements of said valve means.

17. In a regulator system, a prime mover, and an electric generatordriven thereby, valve means for controlling the prime mover, governormechanism for controlling said valve means, a motor for actuating saidgovernor mechanism, a speed regulating and anti-hunting mechanism forcontrolling said motor comprising electromagnetic means actuated inaccordance with the speed of said prime mover, electromagnetic meansactuated in accordance with the voltage of saidgenerator, andelectromagnetic means actuated in accordance with the watts of saidgenerator, said last-mentioned means comprising means for modifying theenergiza- .tion of the voltage-actuated means and the voltage coil ofthe watt-actuated means in accordance with the movements of said valvemeans, and means for co-ordinating the effects of the severalelectromagnetic means.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names this 17thday of September, 1923.

WlLLIAM M. BRADSHAW. JOHN 1-1. ASHBAUGH.

